Медикаментозное лечение атрофического гастрита у взрослых

К появлению атрофического гастрита, как правило, приводит несколько факторов сразу, поэтому терапия заболевания производится одновременно несколькими видами лекарственных средств, а также препаратами, обладающим широким спектром действия.

Важно своевременно начать медикаментозное лечение атрофического гастрита у взрослых, так как прогрессирование патологии может привести к появлению злокачественной опухоли.

Назначаемые медикаменты направлены на уменьшение болевых ощущений, улучшение процесса переваривания пищевой массы, нормализации уровня желудочной кислоты, снятие воспалительного процесса.

Лечение атрофического гастрита медицинскими препаратами

Любое медикаментозное лечение атрофического гастрита производится в период обострения заболевания. Выбор виды медикамента, курс и дозировка должны подбираться исключительно лечащим врачом.

Направления терапии атрофического гастрита

Первый этап — это эрадикация Хеликобактер Пилори. Цели этапа:

• подавить развитие микроорганизма и препятствовать образованию устойчивости у бактерии к антибактериальным средствам;
• применение препаратов-игнибиторов для нормализации самочувствия больного;
• уменьшить длительность терапии;
• уменьшить объем лекарственных средств, как следствие – уменьшить вероятность возникновения побочных реакций.

Второй этап – контролирование эрадикационного лечения по прошествии одного-полутора месяцев.

Третий этап- употребление витамина В 12 для профилактики развития, а также терапии анемии.

Лечение атрофического гастрита лекарственными средствами не вернет состояние слизистой желудка в доболезненное состояние, однако поможет остановить патологический процесс и предотвратить появление опасных осложнений. Выбор применяемых лекарственных препаратов зависит от этимологии болезни.
Так, выделяют следующие группы лекарств, применяемых в терапии атрофического гастрита:

• Антибактериальные препараты.
• Гатсропротекторы.
• Ингибиторы.
• Ферменты.
• Медикаменты, восстанавливающие слизистую.
• Спазмолитики и анальгетики.
• Противоязвенные средства.
• Прокинетики.
• Витамины.

Антибиотики

Применяются, когда причиной болезни стали болезнетворные микроорганизмы. Для этого назначается курс антибиотиков, действие которых должно быть губительным для возбудителя гастрита. С этой целью используют 3-4 вида препаратов, так как патогенные микроорганизмы обладают устойчивостью к антибактериальным средствам.

Курс лечения составляет 7-14 дней. Вместе с антибиотиками назначается курс медикаментов, способствующих нормализации микрофлоры кишечника, содержащими живые бактерии.

Популярные препараты при лечении атрофического гастрита:

• Амоксициллин. Относится к антибактериальным препаратам широкого профиля действия. Эффективен против возбудителя гастрита Хеликобактер Пилори при совместной терапии с метронидозолом. Популярна комбинация препарата с клавулановой кислотой (препарат Панклав, который является сильнодействующим антибиотиком).Терапевтический курс лечения взрослого составит 14 дней. Лекарство принимают по 2 раза в день, дозировка зависит от степени патологического процесса. При средней степени поражения – 250 мг трижды в день, при тяжелой — 500 мг три раза в день.

• Флеоксин Солютаб. Взрослая ежедневная доза — 500-750 мг два раза в день, возможно применение медикамента три раза в день по 300-500 мг. Хорошо сочетается с приемом других препаратов против инфекции, минимальное время лечения -10 дней.
• Возможно наблюдение побочных эффектов: головной боли и расстройства сна.
• Метронидазол. Суточная доза — 2 таблетки по 250 мг ежедневно.
• Оспамокс. Возможно появление побочного эффекта в форме расстройства стула и головной боли. Дозировка у взрослого составляет 500 мг три раза ежедневно. При особо тяжелой форме заболевания допускается увеличивать дозировку до 3 г в сутки суммарно, но обязательно делить лекарство на 2-3 приема.Принимать лекарство лучше вместе с пищей, чтобы уменьшить негативное воздействие на органы пищеварения. Терапевтический курс длится не менее недели.
• Кларитромицин. Терапевтический курс составляет неделю. Дозировка — 2 таблетки по 250 мг дважды в день.

Гастропротекторы

Вместе с антибактериальными препаратами лечащий врач может назначить препараты, содержащие висмута трикалия дицитрат. Они обладают защитным свойством, способствуют уменьшению воспалительного процесса.

Благодаря способности обволакивать пораженные участки слизистой желудка, препарат не дает вредоносным микроорганизмам воздействовать на органы пищеварения.

Также эффективно справляется с симптомами гастрита: изжогой с тошнотой, спазматическими приступами боли. Наиболее популярные представители группы препаратов:

• Де-Нол. Принимается по таблетке 3-4 раза ежедневно перед приемом пищи. Курс терапии – от 4 недель до 8-9.
• Новобисмол. Принимается не менее 4 раз в день.
• Улькавикс. Принимается по таблетке 4 раза в день либо 2 раза по 2 таблетки.
• Вентер.
• Викаир.
• Хилак Форте.

Ингибиторы

Лекарственные средства, применяемые при гастрите с повышенной секрецией желудочного сока. Способствуют нормализации кислотности желудка, количества вырабатываемых ферментов. Это создает неблагоприятные условия для патогенных микроорганизмов, лишая их условий для развития и существования.

Обладает обволакивающим свойством и препятствует разрушению тканей органов пищеварительной системы. Курс лечения препаратами в среднем составляет 2-4 недели. Назначают по 1 таблетке перед сном.

У лекарственных средств настоящей группы практически нет побочных эффектов, они не вызывают привыкания. Распространенные ингибиторы:

• Омепразол. Лекарственное средство применяется однократно (20 мг.), рекомендуется перед сном. При тяжелых проявлениях гастрита и фазе обострения возможен прием двойной дозы препарата. Омепразол следует запивать большим количеством воды.
• Фамотидин. Способствует блокированию выделения гистамина. Курс лечения – от 2 недель до 2 месяцев. Принимают Фамотодин не более 2 раз в день во время питания.
• Эзомепразол. Суточная доза – 20-80 мг.
• Пантопрозол принимают по 40-80 мг в день.

Средства, содержащие ферменты

Такая терапия применяется при пониженной кислотности желудка. Медикаменты содержат ферменты пепсин и бетаин. Их действие направлено на усиление образования желудочной секреции и нормализации ее уровня. Прием таких препаратов может быть до нескольких лет для поддержания баланса желудочной кислоты в рамках заместительной терапии. Медикаменты:

• Панкреатин. Прием лекарственного средства производится вместе с пищей. Дозировка 150 000 ЕД ежедневно, употребление препарата должно быть разбито на 3-4 раза. При тяжелых формах атрофического гастрита возможно применение 15 000 ЕД в расчете на килограмм веса. Курс лечения зависит от протекания заболевания, может продолжаться до нескольких лет как заместительная терапия.
• Энзистал. Лекарство применяется во время еды, допускается принимать после приема пищи. Дозировка для взрослого -1 драже три раза ежедневно. В рамках заместительной терапии курс может продолжаться до нескольких лет. Прием препарата требует постоянного контроля за состоянием желудка.
• Ацидин-Пепсин. Содержит фермент пепсин, расщепляющий белок в кислой среде. Такая среда получается благодаря второму компоненту лекарства – бетаину гидрохлориду. Фермент трипсин также способствует расщеплению пищи, увеличивает количество секреции поджелудочной железы, улучшает кишечную моторику. Препарат выпускается в порошковой форме и принимается во время приема пищи.

Медикаменты, способствующие восстановлению слизистой

К медикаментам данной группы относятся:

• Алмагель. Лекарство выпускается в виде суспензии. Обладает обволакивающим свойством,  способствует снижению желудочной секреции. Действие медикамента ощутимо уже через 5 минут после приема, длительность может достигать полутора часов. Суточная дозировка составляет трижды в день по 1 ложке.
• Гастал. Выпускаются в виде таблеток. Лекарство способствует снижению кислотности. Для достижения терапевтического эффекта таблетку стоит рассасывать после каждого приема пищи. Максимальное количество таблеток в сутки для взрослого не должно превышать 8 штук.
• Фосфалюгель. Выпускается в пакетиках, содержащих лекарственный препарат в виде геля. Применять можно разбавленным водой. Кроме прочего, обладает очищающим свойством  – выводит токсины и устраняет метеоризм.

Спазмолитики

Подлежат применению при наличии болевого синдрома. В эту группу входят лекарства, содержащие гидрохлорид дротаверина или папаверин. Причем первый эффективен при обострениях, другой применяется для терапевтического курса. Основные представители спазмолитиков при атрофическом гастрите:

• Дротаверин. Способствует уменьшению болевого синдрома гладких мышц, обладает сосудорасширяющим свойством, что приводит к снижению давления. Суточная доза — 3 раза по 1 таблетке.
• Но-шпа. Тот же дротаверин, но выпускаемый другой компанией под другим названием.
• Пенталгин. Способствует уменьшению болевых ощущений и воздействует на воспалительный процесс. Применяется при острой боли однократно.

При болях, не имеющих спастический характер, назначаются анальгетики. Так, препарат метамизол натрия, относящийся к группе данных лекарств, имеет ряд противопоказаний: беременность, кормление грудью, астма, анемия и др.

Как спазмолитики, так и анальгетики не сказываются положительно на состоянии органов пищеварительной системы, поэтому рекомендуется их комбинированное применение с гастропротекторами.

Противоязвенные средства и прокинетики

Фамотидин является представителем медикамента против язвы желудка. Дозировка – по 20 мг дважды в день во время еды. Допускается прибегать к приему препарата дозировкой 40 мг однократно на ночь, чтобы препятствовать появлению приступа изжоги.

Важно пить лекарство в одинаковое время суток для поддержания стабильного уровня активного компонента. Терапевтический курс – от 2 недель до 2 месяцев.

Прокинетики являются препаратами, устраняющими метеоризм и вздутие живота. Способствуют нормализации желудочной моторики, быстрому выходу пищевой массы из желудка. Основное применение прокинетиков при атрофическом гастрите — пониженная секреция желудка.

Наиболее популярные лекарственные средства из этой группы — содержащие метоклопрамид или домперидон. Основными противопоказаниями препаратов являются кровотечения в системе органов пищеварения, механическая непроходимость кишечника, опухоли.

Виды медикаментов:

• Тримедат. Способствует нормальному функционированию перистальтики, принимают по 1 таблетке 3 раза в  день.
• Итоприд. Обеспечивает быстрое передвижение пищи по желудку и ее выведение. Суточная дозировка — 50 мг.

Витамины

Ввиду нарушения всасывания витаминов при атрофическом гастрите, важно восполнить недостающие для организма микроэлементы. При таком витаминном истощении у больного наблюдается анемия. Популярным медикаментом в этой сфере является Цианокобаламин.

Лекарственный препарат выпускается в форме инъекций. Кроме того, в лечении анемии используют препараты фолиевой кислоты, Сорбифер, общие минеральные и витаминные комплексы.

Витамины при гастрите крайне важны. Они способствуют скорейшей регенерации тканей и выздоровлению организма.

В случае, когда появление гастрита связано с нервным напряжением, постоянными стрессами,  назначаются седативные препараты (Персен, Ново-Пассит).

Атрофический гастрит является одной из самых опасных форм гастрита, так как при отсутствии должного лечения велика вероятность возникновения рака. Даже своевременное лечение медицинскими средствами не вернет атрофированные железы, поэтому чем быстрее начнется лечение, тем быстрее остановиться процесс поражения железистых клеток желудка, и тем меньше окажется степень поражения органа.90000 Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options 90001 90002 Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Apr 7, 2020. 90003 90004 What is Gastritis? 90005 90006 90002 Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining. The lining of the stomach often looks red, irritated and swollen, and it may have raw areas that can bleed. 90003 90002 90010 90011 90012 90003 90002 90010 Infection with 90016 Helicobacter pylori 90017 (90016 H. pylori 90017) bacteria 90011 — In addition to causing gastritis, 90016 H.pylori 90017 infections have been linked to the development peptic ulcer disease, open sores inside the stomach or part of the small intestine. However, many people have H. pylori in their stomach and have no symptoms.Many different illnesses and irritants — acting either alone or in combination — can trigger the inflammation of gastritis. Some of the most common triggers include: 90003 90024 90025 90010 Viral infections 90011 — Brief bouts of gastritis are common during short-term viral infections.90028 90025 90010 Irritants 90011 — Chemical and environmental irritants can damage the stomach lining and cause gastritis. Common irritants include alcohol; cigarette smoke; aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin and others) and naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn and others). 90028 90033 90004 Symptoms 90005 90002 Symptoms of gastritis can include: 90003 90024 90025 Abdominal discomfort 90028 90025 Persistent pain between the navel and lower ribs 90028 90025 Nausea, sometimes with vomiting 90028 90025 Poor appetite 90028 90025 Belching, bloating or a feeling of fullness in the abdomen 90028 90025 With severe gastritis, sometimes bloody vomiting and black stools.90028 90033 90002 Although gastritis can occur in people of all ages and backgrounds, it is more common in: 90003 90024 90025 People over age 60 90028 90025 People who drink too much alcohol 90028 90025 Smokers 90028 90025 People who routinely use aspirin or NSAIDs, especially at high doses 90028 90033 90004 Diagnosis 90005 90002 After reviewing your symptoms, the doctor will ask you about your lifestyle.Specifically, the doctor will want to know: 90003 90024 90025 The amount of alcohol you drink 90028 90025 Medications you are taking, in particular aspirin or NSAIDs 90028 90025 Whether you have tried over-the-counter antacids or other medicines to treat your symptoms and whether these helped. 90028 90033 90002 Your doctor will examine you, paying special attention to your abdomen. He or she may do a digital rectal examination to obtain a small smear of feces or rectal fluids to be checked for the presence of blood.90003 90002 Based on your medical history, symptoms and physical examination, your doctor will decide if you should try medical treatment first to see if symptoms improve or if you need further testing. You may need a stool test or a breath test to determine whether you have an 90016 H. pylori 90017 infection. 90003 90002 In some cases, your doctor may want to inspect your stomach lining directly with a procedure called gastroscopy, in which a flexible, lighted instrument is passed into your stomach.During the procedure, your doctor can take a biopsy, a small tissue sample to be examined in the laboratory. 90003 90002 Gastroscopy also is done if: 90003 90024 90025 The results of your initial physical exam or rectal exam are not normal. 90028 90025 You have seen blood in your vomit or stool. 90028 90025 You have unusual symptoms, such as weight loss or extreme fatigue. 90028 90033 90004 Expected Duration 90005 90002 If you have mild, uncomplicated gastritis, your symptoms probably will improve after only a few days of treatment.90003 90004 Prevention 90005 90002 To help prevent gastritis: 90003 90024 90025 Do not smoke. 90028 90025 If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation. Most experts recommend that women limit alcohol use to no more than one drink a day and that men have no more than two drinks a day. 90028 90025 If you take an NSAID to treat a medical problem, and the medicine upsets your stomach, stop taking the medicine and speak with your doctor. 90028 90033 90004 Treatment 90005 90002 If you have mild, uncomplicated gastritis, you may need to: 90003 90024 90025 Stop smoking 90028 90025 Stop drinking alcohol temporarily.After gastritis heals, your doctor will advise you to consume no more than one to two drinks a day, or none at all 90028 90025 Avoid foods that you think may make your symptoms worse. Foods that cause problems most often include foods that are fatty, spicy or very acidic (coffee, orange juice, tomato juice). 90028 90025 Use medications to decrease stomach acids. You may try over-the-counter antacids (such as Maalox, Mylanta, Tums or generic forms) or an h3 blocker, such as cimetidine, famotidine, or nizatidine.h3 blockers also are available in prescription strength. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are even stronger acid blockers. Some, such as omeprazole and lansoprazole, are available without a prescription. Stronger PPIs can be prescribed by your doctor. 90028 90033 90002 This approach should help you begin to feel better within a few days, with maximum results after a week or two. 90003 90002 If you still have symptoms, and further testing confirms that you have an 90016 H.pylori 90017 infection, your doctor will treat you with medications to kill the bacteria. If symptoms still continue, the doctor will recommend further testing, such as esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), which is an examination of the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and upper intestine. 90003 90004 When To Call A Professional 90005 90002 Make an appointment to see your doctor if you have symptoms of gastritis that awaken you from sleep, prevent you from eating, or interfere with your work or school performance.Call your doctor if you use nonprescription antacids or h3 blockers more than twice each week to treat your symptoms. 90003 90002 Call your doctor immediately if you have severe abdominal pain, blood in your vomit, or stools that look black and tarry. 90003 90004 Prognosis 90005 90002 Once your doctor identifies the cause of your gastritis and begins treatment, the outlook for a full recovery is very good. However, if your gastritis is related to smoking or alcohol use, you must be willing to change your lifestyle to eliminate these irritants.90003 90004 Learn more about Gastritis 90005 90142 Associated drugs 90143 90142 IBM Watson Micromedex 90143 90142 Mayo Clinic Reference 90143 90148 External resources 90149 90002 90010 National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Disorders 90011 90012 https://www.niddk.nih.gov/ 90003 90002 90010 American College of Gastroenterology 90011 90012 https://www.gi.org/ 90003 90002 90003 90004 90005 90002 90003 90012 90004 Further information 90005 90002 Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.90003 90002 Medical Disclaimer 90003.90000 Gastritis Disease Reference Guide — Drugs.com 90001 90002 Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Apr 3, 2020. 90003 90004 On this page 90005 90006 90007 Overview 90008 90002 Gastritis is a general term for a group of conditions with one thing in common: inflammation of the lining of the stomach. The inflammation of gastritis is most often the result of infection with the same bacterium that causes most stomach ulcers. Regular use of certain pain relievers and drinking too much alcohol also can contribute to gastritis.90003 90002 Gastritis may occur suddenly (acute gastritis), or appear slowly over time (chronic gastritis). In some cases, gastritis can lead to ulcers and an increased risk of stomach cancer. For most people, however, gastritis is not serious and improves quickly with treatment. 90003 90007 Symptoms 90008 90002 The signs and symptoms of gastritis include: 90003 90017 90018 Gnawing or burning ache or pain (indigestion) in your upper abdomen that may become either worse or better with eating 90019 90018 Nausea 90019 90018 Vomiting 90019 90018 A feeling of fullness in your upper abdomen after eating 90019 90026 90002 Gastritis does not always cause signs and symptoms.90003 90029 When to see a doctor 90030 90002 Nearly everyone has had a bout of indigestion and stomach irritation. Most cases of indigestion are short-lived and do not require medical care. See your doctor if you have signs and symptoms of gastritis for a week or longer. Tell your doctor if your stomach discomfort occurs after taking prescription or over-the-counter drugs, especially aspirin or other pain relievers. 90003 90002 If you are vomiting blood, have blood in your stools or have stools that appear black, see your doctor right away to determine the cause.90003 90007 Causes 90008 90002 Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining. Weaknesses or injury to the mucus-lined barrier that protects your stomach wall allows your digestive juices to damage and inflame your stomach lining. A number of diseases and conditions can increase your risk of gastritis, including Crohn’s disease and sarcoidosis, a condition in which collections of inflammatory cells grow in the body. 90003 90007 Risk factors 90008 90002 Factors that increase your risk of gastritis include: 90003 90017 90018 90045 Bacterial infection.90046 Although infection with Helicobacter pylori is among the most common worldwide human infections, only some people with the infection develop gastritis or other upper gastrointestinal disorders. Doctors believe vulnerability to the bacterium could be inherited or could be caused by lifestyle choices, such as smoking and diet. 90019 90018 90045 Regular use of pain relievers. 90046 Common pain relievers — such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen (Aleve, Anaprox) — can cause both acute gastritis and chronic gastritis.Using these pain relievers regularly or taking too much of these drugs may reduce a key substance that helps preserve the protective lining of your stomach. 90019 90018 90045 Older age. 90046 Older adults have an increased risk of gastritis because the stomach lining tends to thin with age and because older adults are more likely to have H. pylori infection or autoimmune disorders than younger people are. 90019 90018 90045 Excessive alcohol use. 90046 Alcohol can irritate and erode your stomach lining, which makes your stomach more vulnerable to digestive juices.Excessive alcohol use is more likely to cause acute gastritis. 90019 90018 90045 Stress. 90046 Severe stress due to major surgery, injury, burns or severe infections can cause acute gastritis. 90019 90018 90002 90045 Your own body attacking cells in your stomach. 90046 Called autoimmune gastritis, this type of gastritis occurs when your body attacks the cells that make up your stomach lining. This reaction can wear away at your stomach’s protective barrier. 90003 90002 Autoimmune gastritis is more common in people with other autoimmune disorders, including Hashimoto’s disease and type 1 diabetes.Autoimmune gastritis can also be associated with vitamin B-12 deficiency. 90003 90019 90018 90045 Other diseases and conditions. 90046 Gastritis may be associated with other medical conditions, including 90075 HIV 90076/90077 AIDS 90076, Crohn’s disease and parasitic infections. 90019 90007 Complications 90008 90002 Left untreated, gastritis may lead to stomach ulcers and stomach bleeding. Rarely, some forms of chronic gastritis may increase your risk of stomach cancer, especially if you have extensive thinning of the stomach lining and changes in the lining’s cells.90003 90002 Tell your doctor if your signs and symptoms are not improving despite treatment for gastritis. 90003 90007 Prevention 90008 90029 Preventing H. pylori infection 90030 90002 It’s not clear how H. pylori spreads, but there’s some evidence that it could be transmitted from person to person or through contaminated food and water. You can take steps to protect yourself from infections, such as H. pylori, by frequently washing your hands with soap and water and by eating foods that have been cooked completely.90003 90007 Diagnosis 90008 90002 Although your doctor is likely to suspect gastritis after talking to you about your medical history and performing an exam, you may also have one or more of the following tests to pinpoint the exact cause. 90003 90017 90018 90002 90045 Tests for H. pylori. 90046 Your doctor may recommend tests to determine whether you have the bacterium H. pylori. Which type of test you undergo depends on your situation. H. pylori may be detected in a blood test, in a stool test or by a breath test.90003 90002 For the breath test, you drink a small glass of clear, tasteless liquid that contains radioactive carbon. H. pylori bacteria break down the test liquid in your stomach. Later, you blow into a bag, which is then sealed. If you’re infected with H. pylori, your breath sample will contain the radioactive carbon. 90003 90019 90018 90002 90045 Using a scope to examine your upper digestive system (endoscopy). 90046 During endoscopy, your doctor passes a flexible tube equipped with a lens (endoscope) down your throat and into your esophagus, stomach and small intestine.Using the endoscope, your doctor looks for signs of inflammation. 90003 90002 If a suspicious area is found, your doctor may remove small tissue samples (biopsy) for laboratory examination. A biopsy can also identify the presence of H. pylori in your stomach lining. 90003 90019 90018 90045 X-ray of your upper digestive system. 90046 Sometimes called a barium swallow or upper gastrointestinal series, this series of X-rays creates images of your esophagus, stomach and small intestine to look for abnormalities.To make the ulcer more visible, you may swallow a white, metallic liquid (containing barium) that coats your digestive tract. 90019 90026 90007 Treatment 90008 90002 Treatment of gastritis depends on the specific cause. Acute gastritis caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or alcohol may be relieved by stopping use of those substances. 90003 90002 Medications used to treat gastritis include: 90003 90017 90018 90045 Antibiotic medications to kill H. pylori. 90046 For H.pylori in your digestive tract, your doctor may recommend a combination of antibiotics, such as clarithromycin (Biaxin) and amoxicillin (Amoxil, Augmentin, others) or metronidazole (Flagyl), to kill the bacterium. Be sure to take the full antibiotic prescription, usually for seven to 14 days. 90019 90018 90002 90045 Medications that block acid production and promote healing. 90046 Proton pump inhibitors reduce acid by blocking the action of the parts of cells that produce acid. These drugs include the prescription and over-the-counter medications omeprazole (Prilosec), lansoprazole (Prevacid), rabeprazole (Aciphex), esomeprazole (Nexium), dexlansoprazole (Dexilant) and pantoprazole (Protonix).90003 90002 Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors, particularly at high doses, may increase your risk of hip, wrist and spine fractures. Ask your doctor whether a calcium supplement may reduce this risk. 90003 90019 90018 90045 Medications to reduce acid production. 90046 Acid blockers — also called histamine (H-2) blockers — reduce the amount of acid released into your digestive tract, which relieves gastritis pain and encourages healing. Available by prescription or over-the-counter, acid blockers include famotidine (Pepcid), cimetidine (Tagamet HB) and nizatidine (Axid AR).90019 90018 90045 Antacids that neutralize stomach acid. 90046 Your doctor may include an antacid in your drug regimen. Antacids neutralize existing stomach acid and can provide rapid pain relief. Side effects can include constipation or diarrhea, depending on the main ingredients. 90019 90026 90007 Lifestyle and home remedies 90008 90002 You may find some relief from signs and symptoms if you: 90003 90017 90018 90045 Eat smaller, more-frequent meals. 90046 If you experience frequent indigestion, eat smaller meals more often to help ease the effects of stomach acid.90019 90018 90045 Avoid irritating foods. 90046 Avoid foods that irritate your stomach, especially those that are spicy, acidic, fried or fatty. 90019 90018 90045 Avoid alcohol. 90046 Alcohol can irritate the mucous lining of your stomach. 90019 90018 90045 Consider switching pain relievers. 90046 If you use pain relievers that increase your risk of gastritis, ask your doctor whether acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) may be an option for you. This medication is less likely to aggravate your stomach problem.90019 90026 90007 Preparing for an appointment 90008 90002 Start by making an appointment with your family doctor or a general practitioner. If your doctor suspects gastritis, you may be referred to a specialist in digestive disorders (gastroenterologist). 90003 90029 What you can do 90030 90017 90018 90045 Be aware of pre-appointment restrictions. 90046 When you make the appointment, ask if there’s anything you need to do in advance, such as restrict your diet. 90019 90018 90045 Write down symptoms you’re experiencing, 90046 including any that may seem unrelated to the reason for which you scheduled the appointment.90019 90018 90045 Write down key personal information, 90046 including major stresses or recent life changes. 90019 90018 90045 Make a list of all medications, 90046 vitamins or supplements you’re taking. 90019 90018 90045 Consider taking someone along. 90046 Someone who accompanies you may remember something that you missed or forgot. 90019 90018 90045 Write down a list of questions 90046 to ask your doctor. 90019 90026 90002 Preparing a list of questions will help you make the most of your time with your doctor.For gastritis, some basic questions to ask your doctor include: 90003 90017 90018 What is likely causing my symptoms or condition? 90019 90018 Could any of my medications be causing my condition? 90019 90018 What are other possible causes for my symptoms or condition? 90019 90018 What tests do I need? 90019 90018 Is my condition likely temporary or chronic? 90019 90018 What is the best course of action? 90019 90018 What are alternatives to the primary approach you’re suggesting? 90019 90018 I have other health conditions.How can I best manage them together? 90019 90018 Are there restrictions that I need to follow? 90019 90018 Should I see a specialist? 90019 90018 Is there a generic alternative to the medicine you’re prescribing? 90019 90018 Are there brochures or other printed material I can take? What websites do you recommend? 90019 90018 What will determine whether I should schedule a follow-up visit? 90019 90026 90002 Do not hesitate to ask other questions. 90003 90029 What to expect from your doctor 90030 90002 Questions your doctor is likely to ask include: 90003 90017 90018 What are your symptoms? 90019 90018 How severe are your symptoms? Would you describe your stomach pain as mildly uncomfortable or burning? 90019 90018 Have your symptoms been continuous or occasional? 90019 90018 Does anything, such as eating certain foods, seem to worsen your symptoms? 90019 90018 Does anything, such as eating certain foods or taking antacids, seem to improve your symptoms? 90019 90018 Do you experience any nausea or vomiting? 90019 90018 Have you recently lost weight? 90019 90018 How often do you take pain relievers, such as aspirin, ibuprofen or naproxen? 90019 90018 How often do you drink alcohol, and how much do you drink? 90019 90018 How would you rate your stress level? 90019 90018 Have you noticed any black stools or blood in your stool? 90019 90018 Have you ever had an ulcer? 90019 90026 90029 What you can do in the meantime 90030 90002 Before your appointment, avoid drinking alcohol and eating foods that seem to irritate your stomach, such as those that are spicy, acidic, fried or fatty.But talk to your doctor before stopping any prescription medications you’re taking. 90003 90002 © 1998-2019 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). All rights reserved. Terms of use. 90003 90007 Learn more about Gastritis 90008 90004 Associated drugs 90005 90004 IBM Watson Micromedex 90005 90004 Symptoms and treatments 90005 90026.90000 Gastritis and duodenitis: Symptoms, causes, and treatment 90001 90002 90003 In April 2020 року, the 90004 90003 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 90004 90003 requested that all forms of prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) ranitidine (Zantac) be removed from the US market. They made this recommendation because unacceptable levels of NDMA, a probable carcinogen (or cancer-causing chemical), were present in some ranitidine products. People taking prescription ranitidine should talk with their doctor about safe alternative options before stopping the drug.People taking OTC ranitidine should stop taking the drug and talk with their healthcare provider about alternative options. Instead of taking unused ranitidine products to a drug take-back site, a person should dispose of them according to the product’s instructions or by following the FDA’s 90004 90003 guidance 90004 90003. 90004 90013 90002 Gastritis and duodenitis both affect the digestive tract and share the same causes, including 90003 Helicobacter pylori 90004 infection. Gastritis is inflammation of the lining of the stomach, while duodenitis is inflammation of the lining of the upper small intestine, called the duodenum.90013 90002 The stomach and duodenum are close to each other in the body, and many factors affect them in comparable ways. In addition to having the same causes, the conditions share similar treatments. 90013 90002 It can be difficult to deal with the symptoms of gastritis and duodenitis, which are often uncomfortable. However, most cases do not cause long-term or severe complications, and both conditions are generally easy to cure. 90013 90002 Some cases of gastritis and duodenitis cause no symptoms, and doctors may only find and diagnose the issue while looking for other digestive disorders.90013 90002 When the disorders do cause symptoms, these can vary from person to person. Typical symptoms may include: 90013 90026 90027 a painful burning sensation in the stomach 90028 90027 nausea 90028 90027 vomiting 90028 90027 indigestion 90028 90027 feeling full when the stomach is empty or after eating a small amount of food 90028 90037 90002 In some people, pain in the stomach will spread to the back or lower abdomen. 90013 90002 More severe symptoms can sometimes occur, such as internal bleeding.This may cause the stool to be sticky and very dark brown or black. It might also produce a gritty, chunky vomit that resembles wet coffee grounds. 90013 90002 Anyone experiencing the symptoms of internal bleeding should seek immediate medical care. 90013 90002 Both gastritis and duodenitis can affect people of all ages at any time. Either condition may be acute or chronic. 90013 90002 An acute case of gastritis or duodenitis comes on quickly and lasts for a short period before going away. Chronic inflammation in this region of the body tends to progress more slowly and last for more extended periods, sometimes months or even years.90013 90002 Gastritis shares some similarities with peptic ulcers, which also cause inflammation of the stomach lining. While gastritis is a general inflammation, an ulcer is a specific eroded patch of the stomach lining. 90013 90002 The two conditions have many symptoms in common, but an intense, localized pain is much more likely to occur with an ulcer. A peptic ulcer also carries a higher risk of bleeding and cancer, and it can lead to stomach perforation. Doctors use a variety of techniques to diagnose each of the conditions, which will require different methods of treatment.90013 90002 One of the more common causes of inflammation in the digestive tract is an infection of the bacteria 90003 H. pylori 90004. These bacteria are often present in the digestive system and are usually harmless. However, if they grow out of control, they may take over portions of the intestine or stomach and cause inflammation and other symptoms. 90013 90002 Another common cause of gastritis and duodenitis is the long-term use of certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).These drugs include: 90013 90026 90027 ibuprofen (Advil and Motrin) 90028 90027 naproxen (Aleve) 90028 90027 low-dose aspirin (Bayer) 90028 90037 90002 Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may also cause inflammation in the stomach or duodenum. A 2012 research paper looking at reports from one laboratory found that gastritis and duodenitis unrelated to bacterial infection occurred most often in adults and children with IBD. Specific forms of IBD, such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, may cause these conditions more frequently.90013 90002 Celiac disease is also a common cause of inflammation in the digestive system, particularly in the duodenum. 90013 90002 Other possible causes of gastritis and duodenitis include: 90013 90026 90027 excessive alcohol consumption 90028 90027 heavy tobacco smoking 90028 90027 traumatic damage or injury to the stomach or small intestine 90028 90027 recent surgery in the stomach or small intestine 90028 90027 ingesting poisons 90028 90027 bile reflux 90028 90027 using a breathing machine 90028 90027 certain cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy 90028 90037 90002 Doctors who suspect either gastritis or duodenitis are likely to order several tests to check for underlying causes.They may ask for blood or stool samples to test for an 90003 H. pylori 90004 infection. 90013 90002 They may also recommend a breath test, in which the patient consumes either a liquid or tablet and then breathes into a bag. The doctor will test the breath for extra carbon dioxide gas, which could signify an 90003 H. pylori 90004 infection. 90013 90002 In some cases, doctors may perform an endoscopy to take images of the stomach lining or duodenum. This procedure involves inserting a small tube, or endoscope, with a camera on the end of it through the mouth and down into the stomach and small intestine to investigate this area.90013 90002 An endoscopy allows doctors to check for signs of inflammation, bleeding, or peptic ulcers, as well as any abnormal tissues. 90013 90002 During the endoscopy, the doctor may also perform a biopsy. They will use a small needle attached to the endoscope to take a sample of the tissue in the stomach or duodenum. Analyzing these tissues may help doctors make a diagnosis. 90013 Share on PinterestA doctor may recommend antacids to treat excessive acid in the digestive tract. 90002 Treatment for both gastritis and duodenitis varies from person to person.The success of each treatment and the recovery time will depend on the underlying cause and whether or not the individual can follow their treatment plan. 90013 90002 In cases of 90003 H. pylori 90004 infection, doctors will usually recommend antibiotics as a primary treatment. This can involve one or more drugs, and treatment could take a few weeks. 90013 90002 Regardless of the cause, doctors are likely to recommend prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) drugs to reduce acid production in the stomach and promote healing.90013 90002 Some OTC acid blockers may help reduce acid in the digestive tract, and doctors often prescribe proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). PPIs work by blocking the cells that produce acid. 90013 90002 Some people need to take PPIs in the long term to help manage their condition or prevent symptoms from coming back. PPIs include omeprazole (Prilosec) and esomeprazole (Nexium). 90013 90002 Doctors may also recommend drugs called h3-receptor blockers, especially if the person is taking NSAIDs long-term and is at risk of other issues, including ulcers.h3-receptor blockers also work on the cells of the stomach to reduce acid production. This provides time for damaged tissue to heal. 90013 90002 Famotidine (Pepcid) is a common h3-receptor blocker. 90013 90120 At-home treatments 90121 90002 Doctors may also recommend that people use OTC antacids to manage their symptoms temporarily. This may be helpful for people experiencing burning stomach pains or indigestion. 90013 90002 OTC antacids include calcium carbonate, which is in Tums and Rolaids, and magnesium hydroxide, which is in Milk of Magnesia and Rolaids.90013 90002 If the doctor recommends specific times to take these drugs, it is vital to follow their instructions. Antacids can make it difficult or impossible for the body to absorb certain medications. Therefore, it is best to always take antacids separately from other medicines to avoid interactions. 90013 90002 It is also essential to note that OTC antacids are only for occasional use. Anyone experiencing symptoms, such as indigestion or burning stomach pain, which require antacids more than twice a week should see their doctor for a full diagnosis.90013 90002 Antacids are available to purchase online. 90013 90120 Lifestyle changes 90121 90002 Many doctors will recommend lifestyle changes to help reduce inflammation in the gut and treat gastritis or duodenitis. 90013 90002 Avoiding or limiting the use of alcohol and tobacco may help reduce inflammation and promote healing in the gut. These substances can make it harder for the swelling to resolve. 90013 90002 NSAIDs, aspirin, and other medications may also increase the risk of damage to the gut.Where these drugs are the underlying cause of gastritis or duodenitis, it may be necessary to stop taking them to let the body heal. 90013 90002 People who use these drugs long-term to manage symptoms of other conditions should talk to their doctor. The doctor may suggest a lower dose or recommend other drugs that could reduce the risk of damage in the stomach and intestines. 90013 90002 If doctors find that a person is gluten-intolerant or has celiac disease, the individual will need to remove gluten from their diet to avoid an inflammatory flare-up.90013 90002 If symptoms do not improve with the use of OTC treatment, it is best to speak to a doctor. 90013 90002 Some symptoms and complications require immediate attention, such as: 90013 90026 90027 severe abdominal pain alongside regular symptoms 90028 90027 vomit that resembles coffee grounds 90028 90027 black, tar-like stool 90028 90027 high fever in addition to other symptoms 90028 90037 90002 Without treatment, gastritis and duodenitis may lead to other complications. An 90003 H.pylori 90004 infection may damage the cells over time, leading to scar tissue or possible cancer formation. Anyone who is not experiencing relief from their treatment should see a doctor. 90013 90002 When people work with doctors and adhere to their treatment plan, complications are not common. Gastritis and duodenitis often respond well to treatment and heal without issue. 90013 90120 Q: 90121 90002 Can any foods or diet plans help with gastritis and duodenitis? 90013 90120 A: 90121 90002 People who regularly experience gastritis or duodenitis may have a specific allergen or trigger that is causing the inflammation, such as gluten for those with celiac disease.Avoiding particular foods that trigger symptoms is highly recommended. 90013 90002 When an allergy is not the cause of gastritis or duodenitis, it is best to avoid foods that agitate the stomach or contribute more acid. These include alcohol, fruit juice, spicy foods, and greasy, fatty, and fried foods. Foods that are low in fat and acidity but high in fiber will help alleviate symptoms. 90013 90002 A doctor should examine you to make an accurate diagnosis to prevent more severe damage to the stomach.They can also determine whether or not medication may resolve the issue. 90013 90002 90177 Debra Sullivan, PhD, MSN, RN, CNE, COI 90178 90179 Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice. 90180 90013.90000 Gastritis: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment 90001 90002 Gastritis is an inflammation of the protective lining of the stomach. Acute gastritis involves sudden, severe inflammation. Chronic gastritis involves long-term inflammation that can last for years if it’s left untreated. 90003 90002 Erosive gastritis is a less common form of the condition. It typically does not cause much inflammation, but can lead to bleeding and ulcers in the lining of the stomach. 90003 90002 Weakness in your stomach lining allows digestive juices to damage and inflame it, causing gastritis.Having a thin or damaged stomach lining raises your risk for gastritis. 90003 90002 A gastrointestinal bacterial infection can also cause gastritis. The most common bacterial infection that causes it is 90009 Helicobacter pylori 90010. It’s a bacterium that infects the lining of the stomach. The infection is usually passed from person to person, but can also be transmitted through contaminated food or water. 90003 90002 Certain conditions and activities may increase your risk for developing gastritis.Other risk factors include: 90003 90002 Other less common risk factors include: 90003 90016 90017 stress caused by severe injury, illness, or surgery 90018 90017 autoimmune disorders 90018 90017 digestive disorders like Crohn’s disease 90018 90017 viral infections 90018 90025 90002 Gastritis does not cause noticeable symptoms in everyone. The most common symptoms are: 90003 90016 90017 nausea 90018 90017 vomiting 90018 90017 a feeling of fullness in your upper abdomen, particularly after eating 90018 90017 indigestion 90018 90025 90002 If you have erosive gastritis, you might experience different symptoms, including: 90003 90016 90017 black, tarry stool 90018 90017 vomiting blood or material that looks like coffee grounds 90018 90025 90002 Your doctor will perform a physical exam, ask about your symptoms, and ask for your family history.They may also recommend a breath, blood, or stool test to check for 90009 H. pylori 90010. 90003 90002 In order to get a look at what’s going on inside you, your doctor may want to perform an endoscopy to check for inflammation. An endoscopy involves the use of a long tube that has a camera lens at the tip. During the procedure, your doctor will carefully insert the tube to allow them to see into the esophagus and stomach. Your doctor may take a small sample, or biopsy, of the lining of the stomach if they find anything unusual during the examination.90003 90002 Your doctor may also take X-rays of your digestive tract after you swallow a barium solution, which will help distinguish areas of concern. 90003 90002 The treatment for gastritis depends on the cause of the condition. If you have gastritis caused by NSAIDs or other drugs, avoiding those drugs may be enough to relieve your symptoms. Gastritis as a result of 90009 H. pylori 90010 is routinely treated with antibiotics that kill the bacteria. 90003 90002 In addition to antibiotics, several other types of medication are used to treat gastritis: 90003 90060 Proton pump inhibitors 90061 90002 Medications called proton pump inhibitors work by blocking cells that create stomach acid.Common proton pump inhibitors include: 90003 90016 90017 omeprazole (Prilosec) 90018 90017 lansoprazole (Prevacid) 90018 90017 esomeprazole (Nexium) 90018 90025 90002 However, long-term use of these medications, especially at high doses, can lead to an increased risk of spine, hip, and wrist fractures. It can also lead to increased risk of renal failure, dementia, and nutrient deficiencies. 90003 90002 Speak to your doctor before beginning one of these medications to create a treatment plan that is right for you.90003 90060 Acid reducing medications 90061 90002 Medications that reduce the amount of acid your stomach produces include: 90003 90002 By lowering the amount of acid that’s released into your digestive tract, these medications relieve the pain of gastritis and allow your stomach lining to heal. 90003 90060 Antacids 90061 90002 Your doctor may recommend that you use antacids for rapid relief of gastritis pain. These medications can neutralize the acid in your stomach. 90003 90002 Some antacids may cause diarrhea or constipation, so talk to your doctor if you experience any of these side effects.90003 90002 Shop for antacids. 90003 90060 Probiotics 90061 90002 Probiotics have been shown to help replenish digestive flora and heal gastric ulcers. However, there’s no evidence that they have any impact on acid secretion. There are currently no guidelines supporting the use of probiotics in ulcer management. 90003 90002 Shop for probiotic supplements. 90003 90002 If your gastritis is left untreated, it can lead to stomach bleeding as well as ulcers. Certain forms of gastritis can increase your risk of developing stomach cancer, particularly in people with thinned stomach linings.90003 90002 Because of these potential complications, it’s important to consult with your doctor if you experience any symptoms of gastritis, especially if they’re chronic. 90003 90002 The outlook for gastritis depends on the underlying cause. Acute gastritis usually resolves quickly with treatment. 90009 H. pylori 90010 infections, for example, can often be treated with one or two rounds of antibiotics. However, sometimes treatment fails and it can turn into chronic, or long-term, gastritis.Talk to your doctor to develop an effective treatment plan for you. 90003.